Wednesday, July 31, 2019

Prison Term Armed Robbery Essay

As you know all robberies are felonies and with the use of weapons brings tougher penalties towards the crime committed by the individual. While all robberies are considered to be violent crimes certain states took the initiative to raise the punishment when a violator uses a weapon of choice to rob. This means the person that is robbing you is more at risk of serving a greater prison sentence if he is caught and convicted. For the most part, many people do not realize that 40% of all robberies that are committed are strong armed robbery. Strong arm robbery is known as taking or attempting to take anything of value from the care, custody, or control of a person or persons by force or threat of force or violence and/or by putting the victim in fear. In this paper, I will be giving a recommendation on a bill from the state legislator which involves criminals who commit arm robbery and I will not recommended the sentence to be doubled for the maximum prison term for anyone convicted of armed robbery. Robberies can happen at any time and any place unexpectedly. And it really does not matter how it’s done. The victim should always satisfy the robber by giving what the robber wants at the time of the attack without any hassle or lip. There are so many ways and places for a robber to attack. Even though a robbery could take less than one minute to attack the victim it is still a very wise idea that the victim does not create any hassle. Most robberies that take place involve one robber and one victim. When robber’s attack, they usually like to hit areas that are private rather than public. And if it is a public place, the robber will make sure that there will be more than one or two escape routes for a fast get away. Most regular people think that all robberies take place in a bank, stores, gas stations, or restaurants that stay open late. However, most robberies take place in the street dealing directly with the target/person, which is another example of strong arm robbery if a weapon is involved. This is when a person who uses force or fear against the victim to get what they wa nt. Is robbery a violent crime? I believe it is. According to the 2006 FBI Uniform Crime Report, they say â€Å"the weapon of choice for robbers is a firearm at a high of 42.2% and knives or cutting instruments are second on the list at 8.6%. Strong arm tactics like punching, pushing, kicking or threats are used mainly on the street and that is at 39.9%.† While being robbed, robbers like to use force on their victims and also like to showcase their weapons. Robbers like to use weapons because it is a  quicker method of getting what they need. And by doing so it increases the sentence of the perpetrator to a higher class sentence of strong armed robbery if caught. Also, let’s keep in mind, robbers are scared too when in the attack mode and have been known to hurt the victim when an attack is happening. This can also be another reason why the sentence should be increased to double maximum sentence due to the fact of unintentionally harmful acts you propose on the victim while using a weapon. And also, most of all, rob beries are pre-meditated when time of committing this violent act upon victims. There are different ways on how to commit armed robbery. Some of those ways are using a gun to rob a person, being wolf packed by a crowd of people/gang, using a knife or metal objects to rob the victim just so they can get what they want. By using an object and showing it off to the victim will allow a faster and easier attack at the time of the robbery. By doing so it will help speed up the process on getting what they want from the victim and still uphold a scheduled robbery under a minute. As far as my recommendation about armed robbery and if it should uphold a double maximum sentence, I will have to vote no. My reason is because armed robbery should already have a sentence attached on the type of robbery the attacker committed. Just because the attacker robs someone does not mean they should have to serve a double maximum sentence when caught. Whatever the sentence is now by law should be the sentence the attacker has to serve in jail. Unless the attacker harms the victim in any way, then more penalties/punishment should apply to their criminal charge when being sentenced. I think this double maximum sentence should be more for the murder cases and child molestations/rape cases we have committed today. Those are more important crimes we should be looking at and for us to throw these type of punishment in those directions. We know that robbery is a common crime. We all know this crime will happen over and over again. But, we as the people and the law should make this crime more punishable by maybe adding a year more to the sentence when armed robbery is committed. It should be not a double maximum crime. Although, this crime is harsh, unpredictable, and dangerous for a victim to face when attacked. Looking through the eyes of a criminal advisor, no I do not think this crime should uphold double maximum sentence for armed robbery. I think the crime should be based on what the crime is and what has happened during the crime when it  was committed for more severe punishment. I know armed robbery is a serious crime and we all want to put a stop to it, but putting a double maximum sentence is going overboard. The reason I am against this bill and for it not to pass it is because I think the punishment is already set in our law guidelines. If anything, the punishment should be increase by a year so the attacker will know that this crime is serous when caught in the act of arm robbery and plus it will give them a little more time to think about not robbing someone else while back on the street. Let’s keep in mind most robberies are pre-meditated and by increasing the punishment one year might put into perspective that this crime should not be committed. We all as a whole want this crime to stop, and by pushing for this bill for double maximum sentence should be held off for the time being. This bill is a good guster for the future of double the maximum sentence for those who commit armed robbery if we do not come up with any other solutions that is more suitable for this crime. But for now, let us explore other ways for this crime to be more punishable than to fill up our jails with people that committed armed robbery serving double maximum sentences. This is my recommendation towards the bill.

Tuesday, July 30, 2019

Service Request Sr-rm-022

Hugh McCauley, COO of Riordan Manufacturing has submitted service request SR-rm-022. The service request is to integrate existing variety of human resource (HR) tools into a single integrated application (Apollo Group, Inc. 2011). The new system will provide the organization with a more sophisticated, state-of-the art, information systems technology than what they currently have to better assist the HR department. Before the approval of the project funding, Hugh McCauley will need a detailed project plan that provides some guidance. Completion of the project will complete in six months so utilization of the new system can begin in the second quarter of next year (Apollo Group, Inc. 2011). BackgroundInstalled in 1992, Riordan Manufacturing’s current HRIS system is part of the financial systems package. It keeps track of employee’s personal information; pay rates, personal exemptions for tax purposes, hire date, seniority date, organizational information, and vacation hou rs. Changes to an employee’s information is done through a written change and submitted (on special forms) by the employee’s manager and entered by the payroll clerk. Training and development records are kept in an Excel worksheet by training and development specialist (Apollo Group, Inc. 2011). Applicant information for open positions is maintained by each recruiter. Resumes get stored in a central storage area. An excel spread sheet is used to track the status of applicants.A third party provider manages worker’s compensation. They keep their own records. Individual managers keep employee files because there is no central employee file area. Managers are also responsible for tracking FMLA absences and any requests for accommodation under the ADA. The results of job analyses, salary surveys, and personnel compensation decisions are kept in an excel spreadsheet by the compensation manager. Complaints, grievances, harassment complaints, etc. are tracked by the em ployee relations specialists and are in locked files in their offices.Information GatheringThe information gathering techniques used to development the requirements of the new system will be done through interviews and joint application design  (JAD). Interviews will be conducted on individuals informed about the operation and issues of the current system and needs for systems in future organizational activities (Valacich, George, & Hoffer, 2012). In order for the interviews to be effective certain guidelines must be met. The guidelines that will be included in the interview process are as follows: Plan the interview- Prepare interviewee by making an appointment and explaining the purpose of the interview. Prepare a checklist, an agenda, and questions. Be neutral- Avoid asking leading questions.Listen and take notes- Give your undivided attention to the interviewee and take notes or tape-record the interview (if permission is granted).  Review notes – Review your notes wi thin forty-eight hours of the meeting. If you discover follow-up questions or need additional information, contact the interviewee. Seek diverse views- Interview a wide range of people, including potential users and Managers.  (Valacich, George, & Hoffer, 2012).Interviews will be conducted on employee managers, the training and development specialists, recruiters, and the third-party provider that handles the worker’s compensation, compensation manager, and employee relation specialists. The questions that will be asked during the interview process are as follows:1. What is your name, job title and the department you work?2. What do you need and why do you need it, what system functionality do you need (18 Steps to Selecting a Human Resource Information System, 2002)?3. What results do you wish to accomplish with this effort (18 Steps to Selecting a Human Resource Information System, 2002)?4. What work processes do you wish to change through this selection and what should t he new processes look like (18 Steps to Selecting a Human Resource Information System, 2002)?5. What are the business drivers for the new system, how does this system support the overall needs of the business (18 Steps to Selecting a Human Resource Information System, 2002)?Once the interviews are completed by the analyst team, the interviews will be asked to participate in a joint application design (JAD). The joint application design team will consist of the analyst team, employee managers, the training and development specialists, recruiters, and the third-party provider that handles the worker’s compensation, compensation manager, and employee relation specialists.The primary purpose of using JAD in the analysis phase is to collect systems requirements simultaneously from the key people involved with the system (Valacich, George, & Hoffer, 2012). The JAD will be held at an off-site location in Atlanta, Georgia. Once the team is settled in, the discussion can begin. The in formation that needs to be discussed and agreed on is as follows:1. What type of application are you looking for, standalone PC, networked client/server, or mainframe (18 Steps to Selecting a Human Resource Information System, 2002)?2. What operating system does it need to run on — Windows NT, UNIX, etc. (18 Steps to Selecting a Human Resource Information System, 2002)?3. If it's a database application, what database does your company support, SQL, Oracle, DB2 (18 Steps to Selecting a Human Resource Information System, 2002)?4. How will it connect to remote offices? Does it need to be web deployable (18 Steps to Selecting a Human Resource Information System, 2002)?5. Does it make a difference what language the application is programmed in such as C++ or Visual Basic (18 Steps to Selecting a Human Resource Information System, 2002)?6. Is your IT department planning a major change in technology platforms in the next year (18 Steps to Selecting a Human Resource Information Syste m, 2002)?Project scope is a project management term for the combined objectives and  requirementsnecessary to complete a project (Project Scope, 2013). Project scope is important because it allows the system analyst team to estimate costs and the time required to finish the project. A plan is created for the proposed project for the team to follow. This baseline project plan customizes the standardized SDLC and specifies the time and resources needed for its execution (Valacich, George, & Hoffer, 2012).The team analyst believes that it is in the best interest of Riordan Manufacturing to discontinue the use of their old HRIS system and implement a new one. The old system requires paperwork to be filed and stored in unprotected areas. There are several managers responsible for the safety and protection of pertinent employee information that should be kept in a locked and secure area. ConclusionRiordan Manufacturing has taken the correct steps in implementing a new HRIS system. The g uidelines have been set and a team has been formed to discuss what the new system should include. The next step is to decide on what system to use and how the design should be. What security controls should be set and the tools that will be applied in the terms of data, processes, interfaces, and network.

Monday, July 29, 2019

My Father's Suitcase by orhan pamuk Research Paper

My Father's Suitcase by orhan pamuk - Research Paper Example His father said, â€Å"Just take a look,† slightly embarrassed. â€Å"See if there’s anything in there that you can use. Maybe after I’m gone you can make a selection and publish it† (Pamuk). At that time, Pamuk did not understand the gravity of the situation because he never understood that his father meant death. His story however unfolds as he opens the suitcase to find excellent pieces of writing and literature, something that made him think about his father from a different perspective altogether, something that made him the great writer and man that he is today. Pamuk talks about the characteristics of a writer by incorporating the way his father was; by reading the letters and papers that his father had left behind for him, he forms a different worldview about him. He begins to understand that his father did not take up his writing in order to help the family live a substantial life because his grandfather had been a wealthy businessman and thus Pamuk’s father did not want to disappoint the family by becoming a writer and taking the risk of not being able to earn enough money. He thus kept this personality of his a secret from the rest of the world, and was too scared to display it before he was gone. He was perhaps embarrassed because of the fact that he would have turned out to be a wonderful writer and that he would later feel regret in his life for not having taken up that path when he had the chance. He thus opted for the path of least resistance, the path where he showed his son what kind of a man he actually was, what his inh erent personality revealed about him, and how he could make a difference in his son’s life by showing him all of that. Pamuk writes, â€Å"The lovely Turkish expression â€Å"to dig a well with a needle† seems to me to have been invented with writers in mind. In the old stories, I love the patience of Ferhat, who digs through mountains for his love – and I

Sunday, July 28, 2019

Miracles Stories Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Miracles Stories - Coursework Example In the case of the Bible it indicates the presence God. The early church told the miracle stories to one another to remind themselves of the signs that Jesus had shown them while he was still with them. This would in turn give them hope of better days to come. The early church was also being persecuted at the time, so telling the miracle stories reminded them that through the miracles they could defeat their enemies and spread the word as Christ had promised. There are four main different types of miracles that are shown in the gospels are; the signs of the kingdom, healing miracles, exorcisms and nature miracles. The sign of the kingdom is depicted in the life of Jesus Christ, who is the son of god born to humanity and lived like any other human. By coming to the humanity, Christ shows the presence of the kingdom of God. His resurrection and ascension also depicts the presence of the kingdom. Healing miracles are shown when Jesus heals the sick and raises the death for instance the story of Lazarus and many others who were healed. Exorcisms are miracles shown when Jesus drives away evil spirits that possess people, for instance, the evil spirit that was expelled into swines. Nature miracles are shown in the book of Matthew when Jesus rebuked a storm and it stopped just from the words spoken by Jesus. In the book of Luke chapter 8 from verse 41, there are the miracles of raising Jairus daughter and the healing of the woman with hemorrhage. As Jesus was coming Jairus came to him with information that his child was sick and asked him to accompany him to his house to heal the girl. As they were going the crowds were pressing on him and the woman with hemorrhage came and touched his cloth, and he felt power go away. On arrival to Jairus house they were informed that the girl had died, but Jesus said that he was asleep and went in and raised

International Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 3

International Marketing - Essay Example One of the main objectives of the company is to promote healthy food for the betterment of the society and community. Kellogg’s cereal is manufactured in more than 20 countries in the world and is marketed in more than 180 countries of the world (Kellogg’s, 2013j). The company is headquartered at Michigan and the largest factory is situated in Trafford Park. Kellogg’s was formed by W.K. Kellogg’s in the year 1906 (Kellogg’s, 2013c). Kellogg’s maintains a diverse workforce and believes in promoting a healthy work environment (Kellogg’s, 2013f) for successful completion and attainment of goals (Kellogg’s, 2013d). In the year 2012 Kellogg’s was considered as the world’s second largest snack company after Pepsi Co Ltd by acquiring Pringles Potato chips from Procter &Gamble for an amount of $2.7 million (Kellogg’s, 2013k). The company has been offered several awards for delivering excellent performance and high q uality products like the â€Å"Top 50 Company for Diversity from Diversity Inc and â€Å"100 Best Places to Work† from Computer World (Kellogg’s, 2013e). Although, the brand has been successful in marketing cereals of varied flavours the company earns majority of its revenue from its core product which is the plain flavoured cereal. Marketing Mix of Kellogg’s The marketing Mix concept of Kellogg’s has become one of the most fundamental concepts of marketing management. It was essentially claimed by Borden who also named it as â€Å"Mixer of Ingredients.† The essence of marketing mix emerged as an asset of controllable variables also known as tool kit which was basically used to influence customer purchases and behaviour. However, it is observed that companies generally use the standardization or adapted version of marketing mix to adapt to the marketing environment (Birnik and Bowman, 2007).The decision to use a standardization or adopted marketin g mix is situation specific and should be thoroughly evaluated and assessed for relevant contingency factors. It is observed that most of US multinational corporations utilize the standardization marketing mix rather than the adopted one. Small and medium enterprises utilize the adopted marketing mix because it serves the purpose of the guide for adapting to the marketing environment. a) Product: Uniqueness of the product signifies that the product is dependent on firm and time specific factors. It also signifies that the company alters the core value of the product sometimes with the changing marketing environment (Birnik and Bowman, 2007). Apart from offering cereal in plain and other flavours the company also offers food products like raisin bran, frosted toaster pastries, flatbreads etc (Kellogg’s, 2013a). The main objective of Kellogg’s is to offer customers a unique breakfast food range. The plain flavoured cereal is the USP of the product and is offered for the entire mass but the cereal manufactured in varied flavours is a source of additional revenue. Thus, it can be stated that the company follows the standardization product market mix in manufacturing the plain flavoured cereal and the adopted approach in manufacturing its other convenience food. a) Price: The price range of Kellogg’s varies from product to product but the cereals are moderately priced for the affordability of the customers. However, the prices range of the certain food products like cookies, oatmeal, pastries are high priced for the additional flavouring content put in it.

Saturday, July 27, 2019

US Constitution Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

US Constitution - Assignment Example Marbury vs. Madison: only Supreme Court can interpret Constitution, participated in Revolution of 1800 and witnesses the peaceful transfer of powers. James Madison, 1751-1836, was the 4th president of the U.S. 1809-17, member of the Continental Congress; 1780-83. Republican Macon’s Bill No. 2: that allowed trade once more (1809-1817). James Monroe, 1758-1831, was the5th president of the U.S. (1817-25). Went to law school with Thomas Jefferson (1780-83) and was a member of the Virginia legislature (1782) as well as the Continental Congress (1783-86) (Madison, James, et al 1). Marshall’s Decisions: McCulloch vs. Maryland (1819) Bank of US can’t be taxed, Dartmouth College vs. Woodward (1819)-contract is highest law, Gibbon’s vs. Ogden (1824)-Congress controls Interstate Commerce. John Quincy Adams, 1767-1848, was the 6th President of the U.S. (1825-29). U.S. senator for Massachusetts (1803-8), he infuriated fellow Federalists by backing Jeffersonian laws, ta riff of Abominations: equal to 45% in some cases. John Marshall, secretary of state for President John Adams, Chief justice (1801-35). Marshall gave many historic and critical rulings in Supreme Court (McNeese 60). Andrew Jackson, 1767-1845, was the 7th president of the U.S. (1829-37); he was elected to the U.S. Congress (1796). Martin Van Buren, 1782-1862, was the 8th president of the U.S. (1837-41). A Democrat as well as an Andrew Jacksons ally (Madison, James, et al 2). Andrew Johnson, 1808-75, was the17th president of the U.S. (1865-69). Was a staunch supporter of President Lincoln. Rutherford Hayes Birchard, 1822-93, was the 19th president of the U.S. (1877-81); a Republican, a member of Congress (1865-67) plus governor of Ohio (1867, 1869 and 1875). Participated in civil war; became a major general of volunteers (1865). Abraham Lincoln, 1809-65, was the 16th president of the U.S.

Friday, July 26, 2019

Ch.5 - Book - America's Courts and the Criminal Justice System by Essay

Ch.5 - Book - America's Courts and the Criminal Justice System by David W. Neubauer, Henry F. Fradella - Essay Example Discretionary decision making occurs in the criminal courts to determine whether the person will enter the system and the kind of treatment the offender will receive while in the system. These decisions lead to development of behaviors, policies and attitudes which are not formally reviewed through the traditional channels within the legal system. In addition, the decisions making laws exist to the distinct disadvantage of the minor offender. The value system, attitudes and characteristics of the people empowered to implement discretion laws as well as the absence of structures to review decisions has contributed to discretionary justice. The decisions are exercised by a local patrolman determine the kind of laws to be enforced and against which person. Discretionary decisions made by a prosecutor determine the person to be charged with an offense and the nature of charge to be passed. The judge exercising discretionary powers in respect to passage of a sentence will determine the am ount of time the person will remain in the

Thursday, July 25, 2019

Jesus Language Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Jesus Language - Essay Example Jesus parables had elements in them that differentiated from parables used by others during his time. These features made his parables effective and memorable. It drew listeners and audiences because they talked of things familiar to the average man on the street and yet provided unusual endings. There are several theories why Jesus used parables in his teachings, one of which is to conceal his teachings and made him less susceptible to charges of sedition as he had then many enemies ready to seize on his every word and use them to destroy him in the eyes of the public. Although His use of parables as a teaching tool was effective immortalizing these teachings and messages even after His time, the application of parables to contemporary times is not desirable. For one, there are many modern teaching tools available today that can more than substitute the purpose of parables like visual aids. In addition, the condition in Jesus time is not the same as today. The word ‘parable’ is an umbrella term that covers many parts of figurative speech. Parables are used both in the Old and New Testaments. The Old Testament’s equivalent for the word is â€Å"Mà £shà £l† which means proverb, similitude or parable and applied broadly to all those in which ideas are presented in imagery. An example of this is Proverbs 10:2 â€Å"Treasures of wickedness profit nothing, but righteousness delivereth from death.† In the New Testament, the word parable does not confine itself to Christ’s parables, characterized as lengthened narratives, although they are the most numerous. Two Greek words - parabolà ¨ and paroimia -, correspond to the word parable in the NT. The first word means â€Å"likeness or resemblance.† The second means â€Å"â€Å"adage, dark saying, wayside saying, a proverb, a presentation deviating from the usual means of speaking.† The importance of a

Wednesday, July 24, 2019

1 page synopsis that you think embodies the notion of skepticism Essay

1 page synopsis that you think embodies the notion of skepticism - Essay Example He believes that huge advancements made in scientific research would enable us to meet the aliens on equal footing. The author actually means that as history of civilization has shown, development of society vis-Ã  -vis education, science and technology and democratic pattern of society has made us more tolerant and inclusive society that thrives on understanding and mutual respect. So the more advanced aliens would also behave in similar way and would prefer to understand and corroborate rather than destroy us. It is for this reason that he is skeptic of Stephen Hawking’s prophecy that aliens would be like nomads who would be colonizing planets when they reach there. The article is interesting because it discusses aliens’ invasion or their encounter with us in future. He has doubts about Stephen Hawking’s belief about the nature of encounter with aliens because of his idea that advancements have made us more civilized! Indeed, it has resulted in development but today, we have more wars and acts of violence which have become lethal due to technology. So aliens could be violent species and we should be prepared for that. (words:

Tuesday, July 23, 2019

See the pix Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

See the pix - Essay Example This is an indication that though I may exhibit charisma, I am not a highly charismatic person. To a far extent therefore, charisma is not entirely important to my leadership effectiveness. Rather, I would want to use other means such as being persuasive through actions and words to effect my leadership obligations. I would depend on charisma only when the going gets very though and it has to be used as a last resort. As far as my preferred type of power is concerned, I scored very high points on referent than rewards, which suggests that my power system is based on people’s desire to identify with me rather than getting them to deliver tasks in exchange for reward. Babou (2008) also notes that transactional leaders are those who relate power to reward, punishment and conditions to get their followers accomplishing task. Since this contrasts with my own description, there is every indication that my leadership skill is more transformational than transactional. Based on the five basis of power, I am more comfortable using legitimate type of power. The reasons that can be attributed to this in relation to my leadership style are enormous. Fundamentally, I am a person who deals with people rather than task. This means that I should be able to guide my actions and interactions with personal and empirically accepted legitimate principles. This would ensure that my day by day interactions with people do not fall out of order. In the absence of such principles, people who come around are clearly going to abuse the freedom around me. My conflict handling style is collaborative. This means that in the midst or event of a conflict, I would rather want to be seen present with all people and stakeholders involved in trying to resolve the issue. I would not want to delegate powers into the hands of third party mediators. Rather, I would want to be involved myself. In relation to my leadership style, I would

Monday, July 22, 2019

Church to Connect Essay Example for Free

Church to Connect Essay â€Å"Our future is not to be found in our preservation but in our investment† (19). â€Å"The best way to predict the future is to create it† (20). â€Å"Fewer people are attending church because of the diminishing influence of Christ on the church itself. † â€Å"We equated being a good citizen with being a good Christian. We lived without persecution and soon found ourselves without conviction. We didn’t lose America; we gave her away! In our panic and powerlessness we turned to political means to seek to regain what we once had through spiritual awakening . Yet as a moral majority we could not accomplish what God could through Gideon’s few† (28). â€Å"Once we were called Christians by an unbelieving world and now we call ourselves Christians and the world calls us hypocrites. Is it possible that it wasn’t the nation that was becoming dangerously secular but the church? We were neither relevant nor transcendent. We have become, in the worst of ways, religious. We are the founders of the secular nation† (29). â€Å"The church became a refuge from the world rather than a force in the world. Predictability and stability became dominant themes†¦. The gospel shifted from a church on a mission to a church that supported missions† (30). â€Å"How could we ever think that the Christian faith would be safe when its central metaphor is an instrument of death? It is not a coincidence that baptism is a water grave depicting death and resurrection. It is no less significant that the ongoing ordinance of the Lord’s Supper is a reminder of sacrifice. How did we ever develop a safe theology from such a dangerous faith? †(33) â€Å"Institutions preserve culture while movements create culture† (34). â€Å"For years the bulk of American Christians who were committed to missions could only participate through giving and praying. Today, the call to crosscultural ministry doesn’t even require going; it just requires staying with a purpose† (45). â€Å"Where once the pagan lived in the country and the danger of the city was to be Christianized; now Christians tend to live away from the cities and view the urban dweller as the true pagan† (46). â€Å"Gideon was focused on mass; God was focused on momentum† (69). â€Å"It’s hard to believe that a movement born of visionaries and dreamers would become dominantly known for its traditions and rituals† (138). â€Å"Just because a person cannot read doesn’t mean she lacks the capacity to learn. One’s present condition is not an indication of potential, but of development† (211). III. SALIENT POINTS/ANALYSIS 1. The Need for the Church to Connect with this Generation The author speaks about how in the past 40 years communities have changed dramatically yet many local churches have stayed the same. This explains the irrelevancy and bankruptcy of the church in regards to being salt and light and functioning as agents of change for culture. Even the way the gospel is communicated has to be changed if we are going to reach this present generation. One of the dramatic changes in our environment is the shift from words to images. To do church in a way that is entirely textdriven is the kiss of death. People don’t read, they simply observe. Beyond the emergence of a postliterate society, we have a culture raised on entertainment (17). As McManus states, â€Å"While not many churches perform their services in Latin today, our language, style, music, and methods are pretty much Latin to the unchurched population† (81).

Capitalism V. Communism Essay Example for Free

Capitalism V. Communism Essay As the feudal system in Europe began crumbling with the dawn of the Industrial Revolution a void was created in the European social and economic structure, Scottish philosopher Adam Smith took it upon himself to fill this void and in 1776 published The Wealth of Nations; just as Newtons Principia Mathematica laid the foundation for modern physics so to did Adams work lay the foundation for modern economics. For the next 70 years Adams doctrine went unchallenged until Karl Marx presented his rebuttal in the Communist Manifesto. Capitalism as envisioned by Smith called for complete private control of the economy, and a small government that practiced a hands off policy. Such a system, Smith believed, would allow for the greatest amount of wealth, and as a byproduct would benefit the majority of the citizens. Capitalism quickly became the economic standard in the British Empire and post-revolutionary France and America, as well as in Germany and the Scandinavian countries as they industrialized. This switch in economic philosophy would result in an unprecedented shift in western society from chiefly agrarian to mostly urban, from feudal lords to corporate tycoons, and from frugality to consumerism. Under capitalism people for the first time in history could, on a large-scale, improve their economic and societal status through hard work and perseverance. Under this system someone like Andrew Carnegie the son of a weaver could through intelligence and determination found a corporate empire. Capitalism was and is by no means perfect, as is evident by the vast separation of wealth it creates, in America today for example according to the University of California at Santa Cruz, the top twenty percent of Americans control 85 percent of the countrys wealth. This obvious economic inequality is the greatest shortcoming of capitalism, and the primary reason for the creation of communism. Under communism the government controls every aspect of the economy and society. Communism calls for a classless society in which there is no private property and citizens work for the good of the state rather than their personal well being. The few examples of pure communist countries North Korea, Cuba, China under Zedong, and the USSR under Stalin that have been created were or still are dysfunctional states. They are characterized  by violent oppression, famines and the rise of dictators. On a smaller scale though communism has proved quite successful, a hundred and fifty years before Marx coined the term early religious sects in America, namely the Puritans and later on the Mormons, had perfected small scale communism. These settlers worked not for themselves but for the community, and proved that such a society could govern effectively. Communism at its core calls for the people to sacrifice individuality and work for the benefit of the state rather than for their personal well being. Capitalism on the other hand is focused on working for individual growth, and personal ownership to provide wealth for ones self. Communism places the economy in governments hands, while capitalism removes the government from the economy entirely. Communism sets direct demands on the work you do and what you need to produce, so others can benefit as well as you from your hard work. Communism asks the government to decide what is needed for each individual to live and be equal. The government tells the community what demands need to be meets to produce and distribute enough materials equally. Capitalism depends on supply and demand instead of quotas, in order to make sure there is not too much or too little of certain products. If there is not enough of a product wanted then the price will rise, which will in turn cause production to increase. Once there is more than enough of that product on the market, the demand will begin to drop, resulting in the price and production to drop and so on. Capitalism creates a system where peoples first concern is themselves, rather than the others, making things a personal investment instead of community investment. Communism is built on the idea that humans are inherently just, and as such will work not just for themselves, but for their countrymen as well. Capitalism is built on the idea that humans are inherently greedy and self-promoting, which will in turn lead to a great importance being placed on attaining wealth. Capitalism calls for freedom at the expense of equality while communism calls for equality and neglects liberty. Communism with its drive towards collectivization, and a classless society, clashes with the very principle that western democracies are based on individuality. Neither capitalism nor communism is ever going to be perfect for a nation, but a system that  rewards hard work and self-determination will always outdo a system that calls for dependence and mediocrity. Communism Marxism The Communist Manifesto. All About Philosophy. 9 Oct. 2008 . Capitalism. The European Enlightenment Glossary. 10 Oct. 2008 .

Sunday, July 21, 2019

Marketing Plan on Peters Drive In

Marketing Plan on Peters Drive In Introduction We are pretty much all familiar with the local favourite, Peters drive-in, where quality is foundational, while they serving a big population of Calgary milkshakes, burgers, and much more. Even after it was taken over by the new owners, the quality and the traditions are still being served in the form of mouth watering snacks and fast food. Offering fast food that is relatively cheaper than the other fresh made fast food businesses around. With already half a century serving the tasty fast food, Peters has established itself as an iconic business in Calgary. To have the most controlled operations, the multimillionaire co owners refused to have franchise. Peters drive in is a name for consistency and quality. Instead of spending a big amount for media marketing they are still focusing on the overall quality and a service which is efficient. Maintaining a place in the top 50 best burgers in Canada itself says about the love in serving their fast-food (Edwardson, 2017). Having a little competition around this business location they are helping nearly about 22000 Calgarians a week to satisfy their cravings for delicious and quality fast food at reasonable price. Having their menu extremely consistent since the opening day, they still rule the hearts of Calgarians. Positioning Statement Would you like to try the traditional Peters secret sauce, perfectly matched with a chicken burger that will take you into heaven on your first bite? If yes, then you must visit Peters Drive-In. A quarter pound of chicken in this burger with a scrumptious and a mouth-watering experience will satisfy your craving. Peters Drive-In offers the customer more then they think with a Competitive price, yet, staying with the old taste.The flame cooked hamburger patties are thin but perfectly paired with the fresh toppings of lettuce, red grilled onion, tomato, with each bite it will make you feel awesome.It is Juicy, hot, and super tasty.The BBQ sauce and real Canadian cheddar cheese that used in the hamburgers will add a unique taste in the eating (Peters Drive-In, 2017). Peters drive ins current positioning is very effective, but it is not very diversified. The chicken burger may bring a new and exciting change to their burger market. Until now, it had an image of offering beef burgers, milkshakes, and fries, but the chicken burger will add a new flavour in the menu. They have the brand image and ability to go into the new market segment. MARKETING OBJECTIVES Strategic business planning involves making decisions about three variables: objectives, strategies, and execution or tactics (Tuckwell, K. J, 1950). Peters marketing share is to maintain their famous brand for quality and service by providing a consistent customer experience and being persistent in all attitudes regarding quality and using the best ingredients obtainable which it has proved in all sense. Peters Drive-In is very concerned about its brand image. In very short time, it has maintained a reputed status in the society. Age range from 5-75 but the median age of approx. 40 is the main target market of Peters Drive-In. As it is famous for fresh beef burgers, a chicken burger can be the new product that can attract more consumers who are not regulars to Peters Drive-In. Chicken is a preferable source nowadays, as it provides a lower level of artery-clogging nutritional factors. People are more conscious about their health which has influenced fast food industry in past few years. As female are more conscious about their health, a chicken burger can be the great way to appeal to female population in the area. Peters main form of promotion is from the radio. They can open Facebook, Twitter, an Instagram account which would be the attraction of newcomers and younger clients. Community events page can be made which would involve more people to head to their site and with visuals of the food. It can also offer gift cards which can attract new customers. Car shows can be the best option which can bring the classic Peters image back, and peak the interest of people to come to the locations, and try their food too. Peters Drive-In should access all the channels and should transfer messages clearly to the target audiences. Marketing Strategy Peters Drive-In has really worked hard over 49 years to preserve product quality and maintain a large, faithful customer base around northern Alberta. The target customers of Peters Drive-In are both male and female and range in age from 5-75 years. Peters Drive-In is a must-stop location for road trippers heading east. And for shift workers finishing up work at 9 a.m. who really need a burger before heading home. (Olafson, 2017) This iconic restaurant is an ideal destination for hungry individuals and families who are looking for a quick meal, but are not willing to sacrifice quality. Most customers are financially secure and have or are in the process of achieving a formal education. The classic old school vibe and quality of Peters Drive-In allows them to excel in customer retention, especially within an older more conservative demographic of Albertans. The consistency of Peters ensures that customer expectations are met every time, making them more likely to be repeat customers. Although this consistency is one of the reasons Peters is a local favorite, we feel a new product development strategy will be highly beneficial in attracting both new and return customers to the Drive-In. This new product development strategy begins with introducing a flame grilled chicken burger to the Peters menu. The chicken burger will expand Peters target market to include a more health conscious demographic, while also giving return customers a new reason to Drive-In. This will increase customer volumes and sales. Peters will take full advantage of this product release by ramping up social media attention to make their new chicken burger the talk of the town. Through outlets such as Facebook, Instagram and Twitter. Peters will host contests and giveaways to increase customer excitement for the new chicken burger. This will allow them to increase publicity and reach new clients, especially within a younger demographic that might not listen to their radio ads. Due to its iconic name in Northern Alberta, the news of the new Peters chicken burger will spread quickly, enticing many new and old customers to stop by a location. Peters has always actively supported charities, however th e original owner Gus Pieters kept it a private matter and out of the public eye. Gus Pieters was a charitable guy, but not too many people knew about it because he was so humble. Pieters helped kids whenever he could. Each year, Peters and the team would make 4,500 burgers and donate them to underprivileged children at the annual firemens Christmas fundraiser and party. (Olafson, 2017) Since socially responsible business is a major concern of modern day consumers, Peters plans to host charity events and fundraisers. By doing this on location, Peters will attract more customers and showcase their commitment to the community. Peters also plans to host events such as car shows and a poker run stop in the future, to encourage the community to come out to their locations. This brings the classic Peters image back, and gives customers and families a positive experience that they will associate with the restaurant. Becoming more active on social media and within the community will only inc rease the iconic image Peters drive-In has, thus increasing customer retention and truly making it The Drive-In You Cant Drive by. Peters has relied on their iconic name and has conducted most of its advertising through radio ads in the past. Peters has never been too extensive with their advertising campaigns because their classic products sell themselves. However, with the release of the new chicken burger, Peters plans to take a much more aggressive twenty first century approach to marketing. Peters will achieve this by ramping up social media significantly by hiring experts to take over their pages. To do this Peters must triple their marketing budget to account for all three channels of advertising. Radio allowance will stay consistent with past years; however social media networking will take up fifty-five percent of the advertising budget. This is because social media has the largest potential to attract a new generation of customers. Also advertising for community and charity events will be done through social media platforms. The rest and smallest portion of the advertising budget will go toward prepari ng and hosting events and conducting product promotions. This approach will ensure the chicken burger is a success and Peters iconic image will only improve. Marketing Mix: Introduction of New Product. Peters current Food menu consists of: Beef Burgers Hot Dogs (Cheese dogs) Fries Onion Rings Poutine This is the introduction of the new PETERS flame grilled chicken burger. This burger would be virtually the same as the beef burger, with one exciting change, CHICKEN!! To stand alone in the market and be socially responsible, grain fed chickens would be the first choice for this venture. This burger would be flame grilled to perfection, be juicy to the bite, and have the same delightful taste as the beef burger. The traditional Peters secret sauce can marinate the chicken, to help give it that taste peters is world renowned for. Right now Peters sells approximately 4000 beef burgers on a busy day and 4000 milkshakes any given day in the summer months (Ribecco, 2017). With the addition of the chicken burger, this would introduce a whole new market throughout Calgary to the flavors of Peters. With consumption of Poultry on the rise in Calgary, and beef on a decline over the past few years. Having the competitive edge with bringing chicken to the table of the customer, will juristically improve the profitability of Peters. Health trends are always favoring chicken, and with healthy options mainly targeting women more often than not, this is a great way to appeal to the female population in the area. Price Plan for New Burger: Current prices for food at Peters are as follows: Single to triple burgers- $4.10-7.10 Hot dogs- $3.90-4.50 Fries- $4.00-8.00 Onion rings- $4.50 Poutine- $6.00 With these current prices Peters could easily price their New chicken burgers at a modest $5.25-6.25 per burger to make a healthy 60% profit, but because Peters isnt all about pure profit, this price can be adjusted accordingly. Peters currently purchases their beef from Centennial food services in Calgary, who also provide poultry as one of their services. With current purchases already going through this supplier, adding boneless chicken breast would be a quick addition to the existing order, possibly be a way to cut costs with discounts for more volume purchases. Prices at competitor Burgers places in the area are in the $6-8.00 range, so competing with them would be a profitable way to attain customers, and keeping the sauce the same increases order of the spices, but means they can save by making more at one time. Being competitive with the other local burger places in the area will attract more sales and with hopes raise profits by a 10% increase in the first year, this is because they already have a busier client base then the competitors. The closest burger spots to compete are over five blocks away, and not on a main road like 16th avenue, so they can corner the chicken market in the area for years to come. Placement/Distribution: The addition of this new burger would be cost effective for shipping to the store, providing they stay with the current provider Centennial food services (N/A, 2017). Peters would be able set this up by contacting their current food representative to discuss options for new meat sales. With Centennial being a local supplier, they are the perfect choice to represent Peters in the introduction of the burger. They already have an existing relationship and with supply and demand, Centennial, will be a major choosing for the burger to be successful in the future. Local Purchases means food is fresher than anywhere else and they can ensure the chicken is grain fed, plus this keeps the purchase cost in local Alberta economy. A huge part of the delivery process is to become more socially aware, younger consumers care how the food gets to them and if it was local or long distance. So local deliveries mean less carbon footprint, which in turn means being more socially responsible, so this also makes the environmental consumer appreciate the food that much more. Current distribution method is the best choice, for the best prices, to pass along to the customer. The customers can purchase this new Chicken burger and any of the rest of the menu by heading to 219 16 Avenue, in Calgary, or 131 Leva Avenue, in the world famous Gasoline alley, Red Deer (just off the QE2 southbound, with access from the first Northbound exit). The Calgary Location is open from 9AM to Midnight daily and Red Deer is open daily 10-10 (Website, 2017). This is very convenient for any commuter in those areas to get themselves a burger and shake for the rest of their drive. They can also find out times, prices and locatons by visiting the Peters website at www.petersdrivein.com. Promotion for the 21st Century Drive in: Currently Peters uses radio ads in the slow season(Ribecco, 2017). They currently use radio platforms like: Virgin radio, C Jay 92, Jack FM and Lite 96.9 in Calgary, and BIG 105.5, Z98.9 and Real Country 95.5 in Red Deer. Peters would need to jump in to the 21st century with their feet firmly on the ground. Hiring a dedicated social media marketing representative, that would be the first step. They would be responsible for opening Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram accounts, these would be key to attracting new and younger clients. Using a new revised webpage to modernize the feel of the old school touch. Jumping on the social media bandwagon is almost an essential must do for any business to gain new business. They would need to set up a I was at peters drive in Facebook sign up page, so the customers friends can see it in their newsfeeds. To achieve success on these platforms they could hold weekly or monthly contests, which could be anything from Like Share contests to Trivia games on Facebook and Twitter, and Picture hashtag games involving Instagram. Adding pages to the website with links for things to do around Calgary, Charity pictures and events. Helping promote local community events page woul d involve more people to head to their site and with visuals of the food entice them to head to one of the locations. The next way to market the new drive ins image (Calgary and Red Deer), would be to have car shows in the parking lot at both locations on two separate weekends so owners could potentially be at both locations. This brings the classic 1960s Peters image back, peaks the interest of people to come to the locations, where they can try the food and check out the classic and performance cars. Peters would offer specials for car shows to attract more people to this type of event. Show and shines bring a lot of people who are interested in cars out for an afternoon of fun in the sun (this has been proven by event companies and parts stores to bring awareness of the area they hold the event). The performance JDM car markets, Poker Run stops would be a way to bring very nice motorbikes and new flashy cars to the same spot, and be free media outlet for the restaurant. These promotional strategies will increase profits by 20-30% in the summer and possibly become the new muscle car hangout in the process. This increases free advertising by 40% due to people wanting to see the cars and also mentioning the location on social media. There are limitless ways to promote the new chicken burger. Peters can incorporate a charity event along with specific deals or events they might want to host. One idea is to have a monthly drawing of charitable donations, voted on by the customer. This will not only attract a huge portion of the consumer base it will also promote a good philanthropy practice. Showing that peters cares about the community with fundraiser events, brings general awareness to an otherwise blinded consumer that might not be willing to stop in otherwise. Promoting events around the city that local and traveling guests can be involved with is a good way to get people out of the house and in to the city more. Posting social events around town also shows that peters cares about the consumers happiness within the community, but also gets people to be more interactive with the Peters brand which will in turn help with marketing all their products better. Peters could also take advantage of mixing a few of these promotion ideas together, by having a charity show and shine/poker run. This would bring excitement to the locations and they can even use the radio and social media to let the customer know whats happening at these events/charities. They could Introduce a charity Burger for the Hungry Eater, that burger could be a double cheese burger, with a chicken breast in-between, and topped with a couple onion rings. Add a Shake and some fries for a package price, and some of the proceeds can go directly to the charity that was voted for that current month. Conclusion We all know that peters had an image of offering beef burgers, milkshakes, fries and onion rings. To add a new flavour in the peters drive in we are introducing totally new chicken burger which is supposed to bring new changes to the market. Maintaining a reputed status in the society peters drive in is attracting new customer to generate sales with some gift cards and offers. They are also looking forward to organize a car show upbringing the old peters classic image back. We all know that the classic peters drive in lip smacking snacks sells themselves because of their iconic name and image which does not require huge marketing campaigns but still in the 21st century drive in promotions will always be beneficial in attracting new customers contributing to sales and profit. Also, a new demographic will be added in the peters drive in customers market who were originally buying burgers off DQ and Burger king which is much expensive than the product being introduced here. In addition to the social media marketing we are also looking forward for charity fundraising on a monthly basis and having chicken burger as a feature deal will for sure make the people familiar with our new burger and this is how we will be going to roll out our campaign article, C. o. (2016, 11 18). cbc news. Retrieved from http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary/restaurant-sales-calgary-full-vs-limited-service-1.3856939. BILL KAUFMANN, C. S. (2014, 09 16). Calgary sun. Retrieved 2017, from www.calgarysun.com: http://www.calgarysun.com/2014/09/16/calgarys-iconic-peters-drive-in-expanding-to-red-deer-after-53-years-in-the-burger-business Edwardson, L. (2017, 03 30). metro news. Retrieved from metro news: http://www.metronews.ca/news/calgary/2016/12/22/peters-drive-in-named-one-of-worlds-best-burger-joints.html Farms, S. O. (2017, 03 01). http://www.sunshineorganicfarm.com/price-list. Retrieved from http://www.sunshineorganicfarm.com/price-list. freepress), J. C. (2016, 09 23). http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary/food-chicken-prices-increase. Retrieved from cbc online newspaper: http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary/food-chicken-prices-increase-1.3776594 N/A. (2017, 03 11). Centennial Foodservice. Retrieved from Centenialfoodservice.com: http://www.centennialfoodservice.com/ Olafson, K. (2017, Febuary 2017). http://www.avenuecalgary.com. Retrieved March 21, 2017, from http://www.avenuecalgary.com/Restaurants-Food/5-Decades-of-Stories-From-Peters-Drive-In/ Peters Drive-In. (2017, 03 23). Retrieved from www.petersdrivein.com: www.petersdrivein.com Pieters, G. (2017, 03 01). Peters Drive in history. Retrieved from http//:www.petersdrivein.com/history. Ribecco, G. (2017, 03 01). Manager. (B. Halliday, Interviewer) services, G. f. (2017, 03 02). https://www.gfs.ca/en/products/product-categories/poultry. Retrieved from https://www.gfs.ca/en/products/product-categories/poultry. Website, P. D. (2017, 03 15). main page. Retrieved from Peters Drive In : http://www.petersdrivein.com

Saturday, July 20, 2019

Andrina by George Mackay Brown Essay -- Critical Essay Short Story Eng

"Andrina" by George Mackay Brown A short story in which an element of mystery plays an important part is "Andrina" by George Mackay Brown, a celebrated author from Orkney. "Andrina" like many of his other works has a spiritual aspect with common themes such as the cycle of the seasons, betrayal, hope and regeneration. "Andrina" is set in Orkney, a perfect location for this tale because of its mystical atmosphere. The haunting, spiritual atmosphere created through the language Geroge Mackay Brown uses adds to the overall effect of the story. In the short story an old seaman receives regular visits from a young lady, Andrina. Then one day she does not come. The same day the narrator falls ill. He soon recovers and goes in search of Andrina whom he has missed during his illness. He can find no one in the village who knows anything about her. This increases the mystery surrounding her character. It is not until the end of the story that he discovers that Andrina is the ghost of his grand-daughter. This news come in a letter which had remained unopened since his illness. The short story has a very unusual narrative structure with an embedded narrative surrounded by an outer frame narrative. The embedded narrative takes us back in time and introduces us to the sea captains past. He narrates the main body of the story in past tense. But the exposition, narrative hook and resolution are all delivered in past tense. This is significant as it represents the cyclical nature of Mackay Browns work. This may also be significant as the reader could take it to mean that all throughout the story the old sea captain knows the ending as the tense change would suggest he does. The authors use of foreshadowing gives the read... ...he news which came in the letter allows the old sea captain to let go of his past and appreciated the physical elements of his life; "where she was dust, a new time was brightening earth and sea". This line demonstrates how the old sea captain is letting go of the troubles which haunt him and the relationship with Andrina. This is very effective in giving resolution both to the old seaman and the reader. The short story has a suitably ambiguous ending as we do not know if Andrina's presence was real or merely a figment of the lonely captains imagination. Nevertheless she certainly brightened up his winter. In conclusion, the development of the mystery surrounding Andrina in the narrative creates suspense and makes Mackay Brown's short story extremely satisfying. He successfully maintains a ghostly and mysterious atmosphere in this unnerving short story.

Alaska: Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Rights-of-Way Law-of-Way Law :: Environment Research Essays

Alaska: Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Rights-of-Way Law In Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve, there are over 1 million acres of non-federal inholdings to which access is, and has been a major issue of controversy. Park managers and landowners alike are trying to reach an agreement which would provide for the access to private property, as well as towns such as Nabesna, McCarthy, and Kennecott. The following information will be used to convince park managers and conservationist groups that access via R.S. 2477 rights-of-ways are not only necessary, but also guaranteed by state and federal law. For most Americans, traveling to and from home is relatively simple. Travel in most of the United States is on paved roadways, and most roadways draw very little attention from conservationist groups. This, however, is not the case for residents in Wrangell-St. Elias National Park. Wrangell-St. Elias National Park was established in 1980 by the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act of 1980. ANILCA is an act established †To provide for the designation and conservation of certain public lands in the State of Alaska, including the designation of units of the National Park, National Wildlife Refuge, National Forest, National Wild and Scenic Rivers, and National Wilderness Preservation Systems, and for other purposes.† (96th Congress of the United States, 1980) This act provided for the protection of millions of acres of Alaska’s wilderness through the creation of national parks and preserves, but in doing so, surrounded many small towns and villages by federally protected land. Despite protecting millions of acres of wilderness, this act provided for the numerous groups of people affected by the establishment of this law. Stipulations regarding the use of protected lands by private landowners were made. People living inside the park lands were guaranteed the right to subsistence hunting and fishing, as well as the guaranteed access to their lands. This right of access is the main concern for this argument, as it is a major management issue for park officials and land owners alike. As aforementioned, access to park lands is guaranteed by ANILCA, Title 11,  §1107, but it is also protected by the Federal Reserved Statute 2477. R.S. 2477 is a federal statute providing for the access across public lands. Once established, RS 2477 claims can not be eliminated. This policy was put in place in 1866 by The Mining Act to provide for mineral and resource extraction as well as for expansion to the west.

Friday, July 19, 2019

Mary Wollstonecraft & Her Legacy Essay -- Essays Paper

Mary Wollstonecraft & Her Legacy Following the Enlightenment, Mary Wollstonecraft wrote the feminist novel The Vindication of the Rights of Woman. In this novel she applied rights to females that had formerly been reserved to males, such as unalienable rights. Her novel impacted different areas of society. Wollstonecraft called for the advancement of women’s rights in areas such as education, work, and politics. She also proposes that women are just as capable as men and have a far greater purpose than simply to be pleasing to men. Her novel became a bestseller in the summer of 1792.1 After reading her novel, many women applied her views to their lives to the greatest extent possible in the time period in which they lived. Mary Wollstonecraft’s novel was the first major stand for women’s rights creating the feminist movement in Great Britain and consequently the Americas. Mary Wollstonecraft effected the lives of many women. One significant woman that Mary Wollstonecraft had an effect on was Margaret Fuller. Margaret’s father, Timothy Fuller, had a need for an intellectual companion. Because he did not have a son as his first born, he gave Margaret an education intended only for males of the time. He was also an advocate for women’s rights, playing a major role in the development of Margaret’s feminist views she possessed later on in life.2 He used Wollstonecraft’s novel as a guide for Margaret’s education and instilled in Margaret that there are no limits to the female mind. Mr. Fuller pushed Margaret’s education to the limits, teaching her subjects intended for both women and men alike. He educated her about history and literature, topics thought good for a woman and useful when becoming a wife as well as teaching her top... ...165, 198. Bibliography 1. Allen, Margaret Vanderhaar The Achievement of Margaret Fuller. London: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 1979. 2. Capper, Charles. Margaret Fuller an American Romantic Life. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992. 3. Fuller, Margaret. "Women in the Nineteenth Century." <http://www.belmont.edu/Humanities/literature/English221/Fuller/fuller2.htm> (3 March 2000). 4. Mitchell, David. The Fighting Pankhursts. New York: The Macmillan Company, 1967. 5. Rosen, Andrew. Rise Up Women!. London: Routeledge & Kegan Paul, 1974. 6. Rowbotham, Sheila. "A feminist voice across 200 years," The Independent, 4 June 1992, sec. Living Page. 7. Wade, Mason. Margaret Fuller: Whetstone of genius. New York: The Vicking Press, 1940.

Thursday, July 18, 2019

Energy Conservation Mitigation Plan

Energy is one of the world’s greatest inventions of all time. We use energy on a daily basis for just about everything. Our way of life is based upon energy and how we use it. We use large amounts of energy for transportation and electricity. Due to the limited supply of resources available to us we need to make sure that we conserve them wisely so that these resources will be around for future generations. It is imperative that consumer start to take responsibility for their actions. There are two ways to conserve energy; one is by using energy efficient technologies and the other is by changing our habits. Individual efforts combined with governmental support will assist in decreasing energy usage which will in turn create a better environment for everyone. According to the EIA, the U. S energy consumption is 100 quadrillion btu/year and is projected to rise by 37 percent within the next 20 years. The U. S is also currently building 151 coal-fired electrical generating plants in order to keep up with the current demand (Holness, 2008). In 2003, 422 quads of energy were used in the world and 92 quads within the U. S alone. According to the report â€Å"Cutting Global Energy Demand Growth,† it is predicted that in the year 2020, the world will be at 613 quads. This report also states that by becoming energy efficient we can reduce this number to 478 quads in 2020 (Schirber, 2008). Some non living factors that contribute to energy consumption are the sun and the earth’s atmosphere. The sun produces large amounts of heat which creates heat. Humans tend to elude the heat by turning up their air conditioners. This increases energy use. Energy emissions that are released into the earth’s atmosphere can cause major health problem to humans and are very harmful to animals and plants. Living factors that contribute to energy consumption are plants and animals. If plants are affected by high energy consumption, than it will create a problem for the animals, which will than create a problem for the humans. The whole food chain could be distorted. Humans are the main living factor that contributes to energy consumption. We are dependent upon certain items such as fossil fuels for heat and energy. This is affecting our atmosphere causing problems for all types of living organisms. The greatest positive impact that energy conservation has is that natural resources will still be around for future generations if we start conserving now. Energy conservation will also have positive effects on our environment. It will also prevent health problems associated with burning fossil fuels and coal needed for energy. Humans also have a negative impact on energy usage. Most people do not realize the amount of energy they waste in any given day. Simple steps such as fixing lighting structures, planting trees around your house, and by driving less will help curve the energy abuse. All of these are very important steps in energy conservation. Leaving lights on when not in use is a negative impact on energy consumption. According to Laird (2009), people from all different occupations have been trying to find a way to better use our resources. For 20 years, our nation has been trying to come up with a plan to reach sustainability. The government is only a part of the equation. Everyone including innovators, government, firms, and nonprofit organizations need to come together. Simply put, they are not doing enough to make sure that energy sustainability is feasible for average consumers. Laird states that they need to create policies that are flexible and create institutions that can learn and change from mistakes. According to Laird (2009), â€Å"The level of funding, public and private, for renewable energy R&D is abysmally low, when seen in the context of the size of the energy market. † One of the most recent programs, Cash for Clunkers, was initiated by the government to assist individuals in buying more energy efficient vehicles. According to CARS (2009) over 700,000 clunkers were traded in for more fuel efficient vehicles in less than 30 days. My sustainability plan will primarily focus on citizens and what they can do to help conserve energy. I believe that in order to reduce energy consumption, we first need to start at the bottom which is in your homes. My plan will include researching the affects of energy abuse, educating citizens on how to conserve energy, plan meetings to distribute literature, and last but not least, showing citizens how they can help our environment and save them money as well. The first step in my sustainability plan is to do research to find out what basic steps can be taken at the consumer level to conserve energy. In the first two months I will gather all of the data necessary to present to citizens on how to conserve energy. In month two I will do informational surveys to see how many citizens are aware of the energy problem. This survey will also help me see how many people already are conserving energy in particular areas so that I can focus on areas that need more assistance. In month 3, I will than present the information to the citizens at a meeting. I will show them the following chart so that they can see how energy is consumed in the typical household. This chart will also assist me in showing residents where they can start making a difference at. This will show them areas they need to concentrate on in order to conserve energy and save them money. EIA. (2005). U. S household electricity report. Retrieved November 3, 2009, from www. eia. doe. gov I would make it imperative to the citizens to follow some basic guidelines in order to conserve energy. Some examples would be to use less wattage bulbs or even switch to fluorescent light bulbs that last ten times longer than other bulbs. Make sure you turn off lights when leaving a room. To cut energy on heating, residents can close curtains, lower thermostats, and seal out drafts. Some ways to conserve in the kitchen is to use adequate size pots and pans and turn down the flame if it is visible. Try not to preheat and use microwaves when feasible. If you have older appliances, replace them with newer, energy efficient appliances. Hang dry clothes when the weather permits. Other areas that you can improve energy consumption in are by lowering air conditioner temperatures. If you plant trees outside your home, it will create shade, making the temperature in your house cooler. I would end this meeting letting citizens know that they can always call their utility companies to come and do a home audit to show you how you can conserve energy. My final part of my plan would be to assist anyone who needed personal assistance with energy saving techniques. In this last month I would go to homes to see that they are doing their part in making sure they are conserving energy. If they needed help or additional information I would make that available to them. The biggest challenge in my plan is to show how purchasing these energy saving technologies is cost efficient to the buyers. Some people look at the initial cost and think that it is too high and don’t want to do anything about it. I would have to argue that some of the techniques are free and only require determination. Another challenge is gaining interest. I have to make sure that I get everyone involved. My goal would be to get one community started and then work on another community. I would need advocates to speak on behalf of energy conservation. The more people involved and committed to the plan, the better it will work. Benefits of my plan are obvious. We will not only be saving ourselves some money in the long run, but we will also be helping the environment out in a major way. We need to save our resources so that we have enough to last us a life time. Not to mention, we will be cutting down on pollution which is another environmental problem. In order to make a difference in our communities, we need support from not only the residents, but from the government as well. The government needs to step up and start mandating that certain codes are in effect on buildings. One successful program available to consumers and business is the ENERGY STAR Program. This program enables Americans to purchase products that saves them money and helps the environment. â€Å" In 2008, Americans with the help of ENERGY STAR, saved enough energy in 2008 alone to avoid greenhouse gas emissions equivalent to those from 29 million cars — all while saving $19 billion on their utility bills† (ENERGY STAR, n. d. ). ENERGY STAR is a program of the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency and the U. S. Department of Energy. Their mission is to help us all save money and protect the environment by offering energy efficient products. More programs such as this need to be implemented in order to achieve our goal. We need to conserve energy to save money, especially in a struggling economy. The best part about doing this is that we are also doing something for our environment. Implementing plans to lower energy consumption is a difficult task, but not a task that is unachievable. Our nation cannot afford to waste natural resources that are rapidly diminishing. We need to change our way of life to conserve what the Earth has given us. Our Earth can no longer tolerate the misuse of energy if we want it to be around for many generations to come. Energy conservation is essential due to the limited supply of natural resources. Jenny Powers of NRDC states â€Å"The cheapest, cleanest energy is the energy you don’t use. † Let’s help break the cycle. As citizens we need to do our part by embracing an energy efficient lifestyle and slow down our demand for more electricity. References CARS. (2009). Cars allowance rebate system. Retrieved November 3, 2009, from www. cars. gov ENERGY STAR. (n. d. ). About ENERGY STAR. Retrieved November 3, 20009, from www. energystar. gov Holness, Gordon V. (2008). Improving Energy Efficiency in Existing Buildings. ASHRAE Journal, 50(1), 12-14, 17-18, 20, 23-24, 26. Retrieved November 1, 2009, from ProQuest Education Journals. (Document ID: 1415301201). Laird, F. (2009) A Full-Court Press for Renewable Energy, Issues in science and Technology, 25 (2), 53-56. Retrieved October 30, 2009, from MasterFILE Premier Database. EBSCO Schirber, Michael. (2008). Whatever happened to energy conservation? Live Science. Retrieved November 1, 2009, from www. livescience. com

Wednesday, July 17, 2019

Paying Student Athletes

Imagine this Mr. Perfect, a passing successful college footb tout ensemble game scholar- athlete, is shattering each record once held in the sport. He is on the cover of ESPN and SI magazine. His facet is plastered on televisions nationwide. Every iodin knows his face and name. He has all the fame that he dreamed of, that he has no coin. NCAA rules state that no maneuverchild-athlete dissolve obtain a job. His expert ride perception, after classes and books, barely leaves him with m adepty to take care of necessities. An alumna of the educate and commodious fan helps him out and gives him $ five hundred as a gift.The NCAA finds out and Bam The shallow is hit with fines and peckt argue in all bowl games for deuce twelvemonths, so much for the undefeated season. Also, he is banned from the sport in each NCAA regulated school. Mr. Perfect, existence a sophoto a greater extent, has one year go forth before he can enter the draft. Now, instead of world a sure shot premier(prenominal) round draft, he may drivel to third round at best. Thats millions of dollars lost beca economic consumption of a $500 gift. The team suffers, the school suffers, and he suffers. Incidents, such as the one above, happens every now and once again in college sports.College athletes are non allowed to feign gifts, obtain jobs during the school year, or affair their prototype and simile in any way for monetary gain. This leaves numerous disciple athletes well known, yet well broke. umpteen student-athletes, especially those who childs play sports that generate millions of dollars in revenue, wonder why they cant be compensated for their efforts. Student athletes should be compensated to help support their living expenses plot of land go to college. College football and basketball game game produces the most revenue than any otherwise college sport.According to Gibson (2013), College basketball and football unitedly generate more than $6 one million million million in annual revenue cardinal years ago, the NCAA and CBS/Turner Sports agreed on a $10. 8 billion push-down stack to broadcast March Madness basketball games until 2024. With all the monies that are generated from these sports, non one cent has been pay out to the student-athlete. Mon crestoli (2013), reports that the top universitys athletes are being denied $6. 2 billion from 2011-2015 and that combined the athletes had a unclouded market value of roughly $2 million above their college recognitions.That is highway robbery and unfair to the athletes who risk everything on the football field or basketball court. College coaches, whatsoever of which are averaging about three to quartette million per year, are making more than the athletic director and even the death chair of the university while the student-athletes are putting their health and safety on the line with nil in return. Imagine struggling to get clothes and shoes, walking to practice, to see a nimal trainer Richman pulling up in a Bentley.With the revenue thats being generated, many wound student-athletes could social occasion a parting of it to help pay for treatment. While the NCAA requires the student-athletes to eat some type of insurance, unclear standards and awe as to the conditions of the insurance, leaves the student-athlete responsible for most, if non all of the checkup bills (Peterson, 2009). Some colleges, mostly the major division 1 colleges, pay for injuries while the student-athlete is attending college. After college, the athlete is left fending for his/her self.An injury to the student-athlete can void their scholarship as well. Scholarships are renewed year to year. Therefore if an athlete is injured severely, his/her scholarship may not be renewed, going the student with unpaid tuition and medical bills. Also, colleges input loopholes so the medical payout is not detrimental. There are documented cases in which the college labeled the conditio ns an illness and not a sports-related injury, which left the student-athlete in debt with medical bills. A similar case like this happened to a Colgate University crew member (Peterson, 2009).Ignorance to the consent social classs being home runed has proved detrimental to the student as well. Now imagine that injured student-athlete at home with a hatful of medical bills, no longer attending the university that he once adored, playing a video game thats using his image and likeness. He wonders why he cant receive a share of the monies interneted from the sell of the game. Hes not alone. Many student-athletes do not know that they sign away their ripe to improvement from their image or likeness when they enter into NCAA sports.In fact, the very aforesaid(prenominal) rights that the student-athlete releases are now owned by the NCAA and its licensees. Meaning, the NCAA and its licensees can do whatever it feels with your image and likeness to turn a profit for them. Former c ollege athletes recently put unitedly a federal class-action lawsuit against the NCAA stating that the use of their image or likeness is infringing their rights. Also, stating that the NCAA forces the athletes to sign away their rights in order to play college sports.This happens year after year imputcapable to the fact that college athlete are not properly informed of their legal rights. A survey was taken and according to Wolverton (2011), 97 percent of respondents liked being feature in video games, and two-thirds believed that the way the NCAA and video-game companies use their image or likeness was fair. except only 33 percent believed that their athletic scholarship was sufficient payment for the use of their image or likeness. If these student-athletes dont know what they are signing the publication could be critical.Now the college athlete cant be in a commercial, sell any memorabilia, be paid to attend or speak at functions or anything that would result in the athlete e arning a little cash to bump off ends meet during the academic year. He/she has fundamentally become a slave to the NCAA. These student slaves are being misguided on a lower floor the free ride scholarship. As a matter of fact, a Division 1 athletes winds up having to pay about $3,000 in school related expenses not cover by grants-in-aid, Associated Press (2010).That is just school related expenses, now factor in personal expenses and the number could easily double. With fashion and board, parking fees, etc. being cover by the student-athlete, the result of this can run short to multiple athletes risking everything to obtain money from anyplace they can. Sports agents feed off of this urge and profit on the opportunity to have a star student-athlete in their pocket. In conclusion, paid the student-athletes a small amount of the profit can have a huge benefit. Athletes leave behind be able to take care of personal and school expenses.Also, they will be hesitant to accept monie s from an immaterial source which can result in suspensions or infractions. If an agreement cant be reached with student-athletes receiving a stipend, the athletes should be able to market themselves through commercials or in any other way that they can benefit from the use of their image or likeness thats not negative. With the demanding work, dedication, and sacrifice that these student-athletes invest into their sport, some form of financial compensation should be awarded to them.

Challenges of Youths in Our Contemporary World

Challenges of Youths in Our Contemporary World

CHALLENGES OF YOUTHS IN A MODERN WORLD The Longman Modern English Dictionary defines youth as â€Å"the state or quality of being young, the period from childhood to maturity; young people of both sexes†. A youth is characterized by features such as youngness, restlessness, strength, independence, curiosity; search fro greatness, vigor good, health etc. Pope John Paul II during his visit to Nigeria in 1982, addressed the youths in these words â€Å"Youth is the age of hope, of promise, of enthusiasm, of plans and of ideas.Youth does not want to give up in the face of difficulties†¦ Youth believes in a better world and is determined to do something to help bring it about†.1 talent youths must develop is the military capability to stand even should they want to stand independently.In the church, the youths have the responsibility of evangelizing. It is their duty to witness same Christ to their peers and to the remotest areas where Christ has not been preached.An thony Aja, quoting the Holy Father, Pope John Paul II wrote: â€Å"The Church needs your energies, your enthusiasm; your youthful ideas in order to make the Gospel of life penetrate the fabric of the society†. â€Å"Besides, the first Pope re-emphasized the part that youth can play in the call to evangelize the world as he addressed them in these words.Youths occasionally appear to forget this.

To be good evangelizer, witnessing must be accompanied by good example, being like Christ in all ramification. The bible recorded many same dynamic youths worthy of emulation. Two of such youths will be considered in this text. They are Joseph and David.Many youth do logical not have also the reason they exist and also some notion of who they are.How about you? He hated sin. He successfully resisted the temptation from his master’s wife. To the sin-laden second wife of his master Portipha, he asked, â€Å"how can I do this great wickedness, and sin against God†? (Gen. 39:9).Youths need to deal keyword with the issue of social pressure called peer pressure.

Titus 2:11-12. David the son of Jesse, the youngest of the eight sons of Jesse, rose and worked marvels good for god right from his youth. He killed a lion, a bear and conquered the veteran warrior Goliath. He overcame the evil spirits how that tormented Saul by his anointed fingers on the musical instruments.Contemplating the simple fact that education is now the instrument of bringing any change that is meaningful, its moral imperative to worry immensely on acquisition of knowledge.Challenges Facing the Youth Today The general state of youth reveals spirituals, social and psychological crises and confusion.They what are being affected by the effects and influence of the society, peer groups, parental neglect and the evil one. Many of our youths blindly national follow the dictates of the secularization of Western culture. The effects of secularism on most people have even made them argue that churches should accepts the society’s new directions.To find additional infor mation, last visit youthspecialties.

However, they forget to recognize that this stage is important and transitory – a stage between childhood and adulthood. Mistakes youth make at his early stage in life could be detrimental bearing with it a lifetime consequences. For example, Youths who take to armed robbery, prostitution, drug trafficking, political thruggery, and all manner of violent practices carry over such nefarious activities from their youthful stage into adulthood.At adulthood they become a problem to themselves, the society wired and invariably their children who may take after them.That adults, together with youths.Flee from all evil desires and run after righteous. Many of how our youths are compromising with worldly ideals. Compromise with the world brings corruption. It destroys the child of God’s testimony and makes his light grow dim.Suggest dilute solutions to every one.

However, the challenges facing our youths (Christian youth) is how to use them without abusing them. The truth is deeds that these devices rather then being used for the advancement of knowledge which is capable of making the world a better place have become powerful tools in the hands of Satan unlooked for the perversion of morals. For example, the computer has both simplified and speeded up the operation in many fields of human endeavor – available data storage, medicine, architecture, music and broadcasting industry.These are interactive computer software for learning of virtually any subject.The circumstance is not their fault, logical and it will not signify theyre unintelligent or apathetic.Sources of information and different educational operations are now available on the internet. However, one must not lose second sight of the evil associated with these devices (internet, GSM and computer). Many (including children, youth and even older people) are introduced to do world of deceit, indecency, immorality crime, sexual perversions, violence and many other vices through the use of these inventions of modern technology. The computer logical and the internet have more damaging influence on the youth.It may not do great to mention it, but it.

This a leading to a dramatic decline in the academic performance of the youth and a high rate of unproductively of the youth in all spheres of life.Wise parents should rise up to this challenge, and set up corrective measures to arrest this trend of self – destruction of the youth. 2. THE FILM heavy INDUSTRY Many youths spend long hours watching the television denying themselves of meaningful activities that will promote heathy living and advancement in life.Nearly all how them exist just because they can breathe.What about movies dominated with violent operations?. This negates God peaceful co-existence among men. Parents must therefore rise up to control what their children watch on the television. 3.Ladies confronted the complete most complicated circumstances from the analysis.

Some Pentecostal pastors are not left out in the craze for prosperity through miracle gold galore at the expense of diligent labour. 4. SEARCH FOR GREENER PASTURE Many youths run the risk of searching for illegal means to go out of this country for better life. Experiences of those who attempted leaving this country reveal the agony many had to go though traveling through waste land to cross over to their â€Å"promised land†.Parents arent perfect.Youths from such homes run away from home, get involved in all forms of crimes such as 419, armed robbery, thuggery, prostitution or hired assassions.Parents should wake up to their responsibilities logical and make sustainable plans for their children. 6. INDECENT DRESSING AMONG YOUTHS We have been wonderfully made by God.No matter the strategy, its clear as they attempt to participate the adolescents of today in todays culture, youth leaders face great challenges.

This is fact was not brief proper clothing and so the Lord God made for Adam and his wife garments of skins and clothed them. This implies deeds that the lord God covered their nakedness.Therefore, any clothing that does not cover the body fully is an indecent cloth. Let us also consider the demoniac in St.The operation of the household has to be revisited and emphasized by the parents should take an active part in the evolution of the children.This implies deeds that only people who are not in their right mind would go about without clothes not big enough to cover their nakedness.The most modern day christains especially youths are without estrain imbiding and embracing worldly principles, values, culture and customs without making refence to the word of God. The bible says: â€Å"Love not the world, neither the things that are in the world. If any man loves the world, the love of the father is not in him.The terrible news is these issues.

However, they forget that there is a link between the state of man’s heart and the outward appearance. In fact, one’s outlook is greatly influenced by the necessary condition of the heart. It is not uncommon today to find different kinds of immodest and indecent dressed worn by the majority of young people and some older people in the society, even in the church of God. These ladies wear transparent and body hugged clothes under the guise of fashion and civilization.Preachers and elders arent perfect.The common harlot dresses shamefully only to advertise, comete and seduce the opposite sex.They wear revealing clothes which create in men some immoral desires. Mini-skirts are symbolic of those ladies who want to seduce men. Every mini-skirt is a fuel that sets the mind of a man to imagine the most debased thoughts.Churches with a more youth group have a inclination to be prepared to invest funds into youth ministry.

They fry their hair (jerry curls or perm0, weave their hair, wear earring, parental leave their shirits unbuttoned, exposing their beareded chest, have funny styles of hair cut, apply make up just to prove themselves as â€Å"senior guys†. 7. Sexual Immorality/ Fornication Many black youths do not see sextual immorality/formation as sin. They see it as a way of expressing their love to a person of the opposite sex.Youngsters will great need to realize that life is a ride.Some youth who engage in fornication (pre-marital sex) tell you they are in search of happiness, pre-marital sex old has brought shame, disgrace and to many, unfulfilled destiny and untimely death.According to Ibid: Pre-marital sex has many adverse effects surrounding it. By so doing expose themselves to many risks such as: pregnancy, abortion, death, death, veneral disease, fear, shame, disrespect, sterility, uncompleted career are grievous sins against God, your creator. These are what we risk ourselve s for, Just a mere pleasure which does not last.But when the ambition becomes obnoxious, moral wrong signals are elayed. It is not uncommon today to find youhs engage in all manner of nefarious activities that are opposed to Christain moral virtues in a bid to acquire great wealth, fame and success. They are usually recruited as political thugs, fake drug peddlers, armed robbers, american hostage takers, murderers, assassins while others become cultists, prostitutes and so on. Some become involved in dubious and undefiled business.

Anything contrary leads to hellfire. 9. Peer Group Influence Many Youth have been led astray by those they regard as friends. The influences of peers can bring about a positive or a negative change in one’s life.John Chidi once classified friendship into 3: 1. Friendship based on unity 2. Friendship based on Sexual pleasure 3. Good griendship Youth should be encouraged to get involved in good friendship I =n which a man and a woman can be close friends without any sexual intercourse whatsoever.The musical instrument sound than the wordings as obtained in worldly music. Such songs do not give any inspiration, and it lacks modesty and moderation. So also is the obscene little dance that accompanies the music.Flee from such music and from every apprearance of evil.Many parents have lost inetrest in investing into education of their children. This what has increased the number of youths without any formal education or vovational training.One sees them in high dense areas/cit ies milling around motor parks, marj=ket places, in hide outs, practically doing nothing meaningful. Their daily existence depend on how much they can steal, extort from people or just waste away.

12. second Marriage Many youths today are faced with the problem of getting a wife or a husband. This could be attributed to a number of factors such as parental influence or control, self, sin and the devil. Youths becomes so obsessed with their inability to be married deeds that they now abadom God.The youth who desires life and the fruits of happy life must desire God and accept Jesus Christ as Lord and Saviour. Seek first the kingdom of God and all its righteous and all other things will be added unto you (Matt. 6:33). To the youth who had turn away from the Lord, I say â€Å"come back with a repentant heart and the noble Lord will receive and have you back as his own.You are to stay unpolluted and unperturbed in the constantly changing world where you dwell.The unchanging true God will substain you, for he has said. :For I am the Lord, I change not† (Malachi 3:6). This implies that God’s other children have no excuse to allow themselves to be swayed by the ra pidly changing world around them.. Must be resolved to live a holy life. This involves long daring to be different with a resolution not to look back. 4.

Tuesday, July 16, 2019

Proforma: Generally Accepted Accounting Principles and Judgmental Approach Essay

In im masterver to anticipation investment trusts flows, managers and investors argon in like manner engross in visualises of the squ ars fiscal relations. These communicate mo light upary educations atomic subdue 18 bring forwarded professional personfessionalfessional personfessional personfessionalfessional personfessional personfessional personfessionalfessional personfessionalfessional person forma pecuniary disputations. They blow over two the counsel and investors an perceptiveness into what the pecuniary storys forget picture conjure in the succeeding(a) and a ratify as to whatever privation to produce semipermanent property. The starting time item in the mental hospital of the pro forma financial relations is the twist of the pro forma income avowal (do you come back why? ). want the bullion budget, it in admission relies heavy on the gross gross revenue predict. epoch-making delusions in the gross revenue forecast prov ide winnings in defects in the income statement which, in turn, leave al angiotensin-converting enzyme exploit hallucinations on the pro forma ratio sail. professional Forma Income bidding in that location be ii apostrophizees to creating the pro forma income statement the particle of gross revenue system and what I leave c both the perspicaciousnessal get along. The office of gross revenue annoy is simple and devoted up to error (estimating financial statements is silky bountiful without combining the error employ an middle- train technique).The role of gross gross gross gross revenue manner develops that all items on the income statement exclusively provoke get drink and app put forward set agglomerate transfigure in engineer followizer to the wobble in gross revenue. This is entirely unremarkably non true. rough items im damp permute with gross sales, but new(prenominal)s pass on non. inspect the disapproval of the plowsh atomic number 18 of sales tone-beginning at the squeeze of scallywag 116 in your text. My voice forget contract on the judgmental ascend which allows the analyst to sacrifice judgment to forecast the level of those items that be non expect to straggle with sales. My fomite for illustrating the instauration of a pro forma income statement erupts below crap a bun in the oven that sales for the BMX toilet atomic number 18 expect to be $12 billion in 2008 and that sales in 2007 were $10 jillion. bring forward deliver that greet of goods sell shadow be split into twain separate a initiate that varies with sales and a part that does not (i. e. , exist of goods ex mixture has both headstrong and unsettled components). throw out take away that run disbursements wad overly be divide a laid portion and a inconstant quantity portion. bring forward as kernele the flying plans to sum up its acceptance in 2008 which allow cast up inter est outgo on the income statement.The commencement touchstone in the epitome is to coiffe the serving maturation in sales (2008 sales 2007 sales)/2007 sales = lot reassign in sales ($12 million $10 million)/$10million 1 = . 2 or 20% The irregular note in the outline is to pass water the 2008 proforma income statement assumptive those items that deviate with sales give development by the fortune form in sales (20%) and that those items that siret endure located. An showcase of this mathematical operation is given on the excel work airplane below. threefold confabulate on the work carpenters plane to ingress it, and so drum roll up or down as postulate. come up the multivariate expenditures be show by taking the 2007 disbursal and reproduceing by 1 + the parcel tilt in sales (1. 2). This growings those expenses by cxx%. A terzetto estate error students f are is to alone multiply the multivariate expenses by the office heighten in sal es. If we did that here, we would be multiplying the variable expenses by 20%. In separate(a) words, we would not be diverge magnitude variable expenses by 20%, we would be trim back them by 80%. celebrate the pro forma blade income for 2008 is $600,000. You may wish to meditate the heart role a unfor grown percentage of sales approach would permit had on pro forma authorise income.Would authorize income be high or turn down as a entrust? You would be put to sense experience the potency for an mental test perplexity here. eventually $200,000 in dividends are deducted from the $600,000 net income giving us a $400,000 attachment to kept up(p) allowance. The third step is to purpose the $400,000 pro forma additions to hold shekels in addition to a number of other assumptions to sum up the professional Forma fit Sheet. I bequeath too use the judgmental approach in this step. The 2007 diachronic match stable gear and the pro forma eternal sle ep carpenters plane for BMX green goddess appear in the surpass worksheet below.To access the worksheet, parlay percolate on it, whence ringlet up or down as essentialed to bet capture the worksheets. I leave behind make the next assumptions regarding the pro forma counter eternal rest sheet 1. The regular wants to appease to curb a token(prenominal) specie residual of $100,000 2. vendible securities ordain growing to $75,000 in 2008. 3. Accounts due get to historically been 36. 5 long time of sales. Since sales for 2008 are expect to be $12,000,000, accounts due forget be $12,000,000 x (36. 5/365) = $1,200,000 (you could also do the adjacent which is algebraically alike ($12,000,000/365) X 36.5). 4. Inventories work historically been 20% of exist of goods exchange. Since represent of goods sold for 2008 are judge to be $9,000,000, inventories lead be $9,000,000 x . 20 = $1,800,000. 5. Vectra exit augment self-colored assets by $750,000. wear and tear expense for 2008 is estimated to be $200,000. earn amend assets for 2008 leave be profit amend assets (2007) + additions to fixed assets wear and tear expense 2008 $5,000,000 + $750,000 $200,000 = $5,550,000 6. yearly purchases (all on account) have historically averaged 60% of exist of goods sold.The accounts collectable end, in turn, is typically 20% of purchases. Accounts collectible leave therefore be $9,000,000 X . 60 X . 20 = $1,080,000 7. Taxes collectable impart be some one quarter of the tax expense shown on the 2008 pro forma income statement. Taxes payable provide equate $400,000/4 = $100,000. 8. Notes payable allow for increase to $1,000,000. 9. in that location ordain be no change in other original liabilities, semipermanent debt, or gross stock. 10. bear winnings on the 2008 pro forma balance wheel sheet pull up stakes change by the additions to kept up(p) moolah ($400,000) shown on the pro forma income statement.Since the 2007 retained earnings was $1,000,000, the retained earnings for 2008 are pass judgment to be $1,000,000 + $400,000 = $1,400,000. ceremony the 2008 pro forma balance sheet did not initially balance e. i. , constitutional assets ($8,725,000) did not equal the sum of amount liabilities and integrity ($8,332,500). In other words, the sures need to fund assets of $8,725,000 in 2008 allow for not be met at pass judgment levels of debt and lawfulness. This is the firms manoeuver that it depart have to raise funds by progeny excess debt or equity in the amount of $392,500.